Интеллектуальная собственность

Полезная модель относится к нефтяной, газовой и вододобывающей отраслям промышленности и может быть использована при перфорации скважин для вторичного вскрытия, в том числе в режиме депрессии, и может быть применена при проведении перфорации в эксплуатационной колонне с последующей обработкой призабойной зоны гидромониторным способом, при проведении перфорации в кислотной среде во всех типах коллекторов, для создания специальных отверстий при проведении водоизоляционных работ, для создания специальных отверстий в эксплуатационной колонне при наращивании цементного кольца за эксплуатационной колонной. Позволяет повысить надежность, упростить конструкцию и расширить область применения перфоратора гидравлического за счет многократного использования и многофункциональности. Сущность полезной модели заключается в том, что перфоратор гидравлический двухсторонний содержит как минимум один цилиндр и корпус перфоратора, соединенные между собой резьбовым соединением, как минимум один поршень и клин, также соединенные между собой резьбовым соединением, с центральным каналом, выполненным в теле каждого. В пазы клина вставлены резцы, содержащие каналы для проведения гидромониторной обработки. Резцы нижним краем упираются в упор. Согласно полезной модели на верхнем цилиндре установлен упор, который закреплен в цилиндре срезными винтами. На упор завернут возвратный механизм, который заканчивается резьбой для присоединения к колонне насосно-компрессорных труб. Внутри возвратного механизма установлен дополнительный поршень, который соединен резьбовым соединением с верхним поршнем, в нижних частях дополнительного, верхнего и среднего поршней выполнены отверстия для подачи жидкости в надпоршневые полости цилиндров. Возвратный механизм содержит отверстие для стравливания воздуха при сборке, которое после сборки герметизируется пробкой. В корпус перфоратора вставлен клин, который, в свою очередь, ввернут в нижний поршень. Клин содержит перепускные отверстия. На конце нижнего поршня выполнено посадочное место под предохранительное кольцо, которое служит для предохранения от преждевременного срабатывания перфоратора при спуске. Предохранительное кольцо фиксируется гайкой. К корпусу перфоратора, на уровне положения резцов, с помощью винтов прикреплены две пластины, которые фиксируют резцы в осевом направлении относительно корпуса перфоратора. Герметизация зазоров между цилиндрами, поршнями и штоком обеспечивается уплотнительными элементами. Подробнее

Полезная модель относится к способам и устройствам для проведения лабораторных работ и самостоятельной проектной деятельности студентов среднеспециальных и высших учебных заведений, обучающихся по направлению «Производство изделий из композиционных материалов».Устройство для изготовления волокнистых композитов, содержащее блок вакуумной инфузии, отличающееся тем, что оно дополнительно содержит блоки раскроя, температурного воздействия, RTM-формования, контактного формования и контроля и обработки, причем входы блоков вакуумной инфузии, RTM-формования и контактного формования соединены с выходом блока раскроя, а их выходы - со входом блока температурного воздействия, выход которого соединен со входом блока контроля и обработки, причем последовательно соединенные блоки раскроя, вакуумной инфузии, температурного воздействия и контроля и обработки образуют линию формования деталей вакуумной инфузией, последовательно соединенные блоки раскроя, RTM-формования, температурного воздействия и контроля и обработки образуют линию RTM-формования, а последовательно соединенные блоки раскроя, контактного формования, температурного воздействия и контроля и обработки образуют линию контактного формования, при этом входом каждой линии устройства для изготовления волокнистых композитов способами вакуумной инфузии, RTM формования и контактного формования является вход блока раскроя, а выходом каждой линии устройства - выход блока контроля и обработки.Таким образом, данное устройство позволяет наглядно освоить три способа изготовления волокнистых композитов: способ вакуумной инфузии, способ RTM-формования, способ контактного формования. При этом данное устройство просто в исполнении и надежно в работе. 2 ил." Подробнее

FIELD: machine building. ! SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the machine building. Method of processing the gear teeth with a disk blade tool is performed by the method of periodic rolling. Tool cutting edges are arranged in plane perpendicular to its rotational axis. When running involute profile when turning the machined wheel around its axis at an angle ϕ disk blade tool is moved in the direction of perpendicular axes X and Y over distances ΔX and ΔY, the shaping surface of the disk blade tool is shifted relative to the axis of the wheel being machined by the value of Y0, the tool axis is positioned at a distance A from the axis of the wheel being machined and rotated relative to the plane of the end face of the wheel being machined by an angle βb, processing the side of the tooth is performed for several joint movements of the processed wheel and tool, within each of which the angle ϕ change ranging from 0° to ϕmax, and after each of these movements perform a joint movement of the tool (2) along the axis of the wheel being machined by the amount of axial feed ΔZ and turn the wheel at an angle ψ, with all the magnitudes of displacements determined by the claimed dependencies. ! EFFECT: method for treating gear teeth with a disk blade tool is proposed. ! 1 cl, 4 dwg, 1 tbl Подробнее

Предлагаемая полезная модель относится к области строительства, в частности к производству светопроводящих конструктивных элементов (материалов), при производстве мебели, для внутренней и внешней декоративной отделки интерьеров, различных поверхностей, в решении иных интерьерных и дизайнерских задач, и может быть применена в качестве панелей для мебели, дверей, а также для украшения интерьеров помещений различного назначения, а также для использования на улице, например отделка фасада здания. Техническим результатом, на решение которого направлено создание полезной модели, является упрощение технологии изготовления с одновременным снижением себестоимости и повышением производительности, с расширением диапазона использования. Поставленный технический результат достигается созданием светопропускающей декоративной панели, содержащей чередование слоев светопропускающего материала, выполненного из оргстекла, ПЭТ или любого другого светопропускаемого материала со светонепропускающим материалом, таким как дерево, металл, пластмасса или любым другим светонепропускаемым материалом, причем слои уложены в стопу и жестко соединены между собой путем склеивания или склеивания под давлением, причем в качестве слоев возможно использование как листового материала, так и жидкого полимера, путем чередованием слоев заливок и твердого листового материала, используя при этом форму или опалубку, причем жидкий полимер может обладать светопропускаемыми или светонепропускаемыми свойствами. Твердый материал укладывают в форму, либо опалубку таким образом, чтобы между твердыми слоями были пустые равные промежутки, с последующей заливкой жидким полимером прозрачным или непрозрачным, в зависимости от того, какой материал будет твердым, например можно взять в качестве твердого материала, дерево, а промежутки залить прозрачным полимером. Причем в качестве светопропускаемого материала возможно использование как бесцветного, так и цветного материала с широкой цветовой гаммой независимо от того твердый это материал или жидкий, также возможно добавление фотолюминесцентных пигментов со светоотражиющим эффектом в клеевой состав или в полимерную композицию независимо от того, светопропускающий материал или нет. Чередование слоев может быть как горизонтальным/вертикальным, так и в виде квадратов. Толщина слоев может варьироваться в зависимости от заданных требований, причем разрезать возможно готовый склеенный щит на более тонкие щиты в продольном сечении с последующей обработкой поверхностей. Соединяя тонкие листы твердого светонепропускающего материала клеевым способом со светопропускаемым материалом, повышается прочность и герметичность, а использование различных слоев различной толщины позволяет варьировать степень светопропускания. Использование в качестве светопропускающего материала светопропускаемных пластмасс, обладающих высокой степенью светопропускания, не уступающей светопропусканию силикатных стекол, высокой статической и ударной прочностью, относительно небольшим объемным весом, позволяет значительно уменьшить вес строительных и декоративных элементов; а использование широкой цветовой гаммы позволяет осуществлять различные оригинальные дизайнерские решения. Таким образом, имея различные варианты изготовления светопропускающей декоративной панели, можно расширить диапазон использования как в интерьере, так и при производстве мебели, для внутренней и внешней декоративной отделки интерьеров, различных поверхностей, в решении иных интерьерных и дизайнерских задач и она может быть применена в качестве панелей для мебели, дверей, а также для украшения интерьеров помещений различного назначения с возможностью помещения осветительных приборов за данные панели и освещать помещения, а также для использования на улице, например отделка фасадов зданий и сооружений." Подробнее

FIELD: engines and pumps. ! SUBSTANCE: invention relates to repair production and can be used in the repairing of strengthened by induction hardening crankshafts of internal combustion engines, such as KAMAZ engines. Method comprises a stabilizing volumetric tempering of the crankshaft, grinding necks for repair dimensions, shaft hardening by low-temperature chemical heat treatment and finishing of the necks, stabilizing volume tempering is carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 500±10 °C for 5 hours to obtain the hardness of the remaining induction hardened layer of 37-45HRC, and the shaft is hardened by ion nitriding at a temperature of 450±10 °C for 36 hours. ! EFFECT: invention makes it possible, in combination with low-temperature chemical-thermal treatment after grinding the necks for repair dimensions, to increase the fatigue strength and wear resistance of repaired crankshafts. ! 1 cl, 2 dwg Подробнее

FIELD: oil and gas industry. ! SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the petroleum industry. Method comprises equipped with a packer, fluid pulsed injection device, destructible valve, perforated pipe with a bushing inside pipe string lowering into the reservoir perforation interval. Also, this method comprises the solvent injection through the pipes string in the continuous mode with a flat packer, well with solvent technological exposure, four cycles of the process fluid injection into the reservoir through the pipes string and the well annular space, the solvent and the reaction products washing out by backwashing. For the fluid pulsed injection by the pipe string raising, installing the fluid impulsive injection device opposite the formation bottom and a packer is fitted. Then moving the bushing down relative to the perforated branch pipe and sealing the perforated pipe holes. Cutting off the destructible valve with the process fluid overpressure, by the pipes string performing the hydrochloric acid 10–15 % aqueous solution pumping into the reservoir in a pulsed mode and flushing with this fluid in a pulsed mode. Next, performing the technological exposure for the response and performing the reaction products extraction by swabbing. Novelty is that the perforated branch pipe holes sealing is carried out from the hydrochloric acid 10–15 % aqueous solution pressure acting on the dropped into the pipe string ball. Ball is made with possibility of the bushing hole closing. At that, the bushing is installed with fixation from axial movement by the shear screw on a cylindrical protrusion made on the perforated branch pipe inner wall and closing this pipe holes. From the cylindrical protrusion upper end face opposite each of the perforated branch pipe hole blind holes are drilled, communicating with this branch pipe holes. From the bushing upper end face the cylindrical recess with a conical bottom is made to fit the ball. From the bushing upper and lower end faces radial grooves are made. At that, the radial grooves at the bushing upper end face protrude beyond the perforated pipe cylindrical protrusion upper end face. At the formed by the radial grooves on the bushing upper end face protrusions end face, a ring is installed, configured to close the perforated branch pipe cylindrical protrusion blind holes after the bushing is moved down. Ring inner diameter is selected larger than the ball diameter. ! EFFECT: technical result consists in reduction in the well reservoir treatment time. ! 1 cl, 2 dwg Подробнее

FIELD: oil and gas industry. ! SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the petroleum industry. Method for acidizing the bottomhole formation zone with a carbonate reservoir includes the descent of a string of pipes with a water jet perforator, making sidetracks in the form of radial holes in the casing string of the well and caverns in the formation by pumping a water-sand mixture throughout the pipe string through the water jet perforator on the basis of two sidetracks per 1 m of the thickness of the formation, acid treatment of the bottomhole formation zone in three portions, each of which includes pumping a hydrochloric acid solution in a continuous mode, a technological exposure for the reaction and recovery of the reaction products. At the wellmouth, from the top to the bottom, the following assembly is mounted onto the lower end of the pipe string: a saddle-gun, a centralizer, a water jet perforator with nozzles, an anchor. Then the pipe string and the assembly with the washer are lowered into the interval of the perforated formation, a ball is dropped into the pipe string. After the ball saddling the casing string is perforated with making the sidetracks in the form of radial holes in the casing string and the caverns in the formation by pumping the water-sand mixture throughout the pipe string through the water jet perforator. Then, without interrupting the pumping, through the sidetracks, the bottomhole formation zone with the carbonate reservoir is treated, wherein with the first portion in the continuous mode pumped is a 18–20 % solution of hydrochloric acid at the temperature of 0 °C in the volume of 0.5 m3 per one sidetrack, then in the continuous mode pumped is a 18–20 % solution of hydrochloric acid at the temperature of 30 °C in the volume of 1.0 m3 per one sidetrack, after which a pulse flush of the pumped solutions of hydrochloric acids by oil into the formation is conducted in a cycle mode: 3 min pumping at the bed intake pressure, 5 min exposure for the reaction. With the second portion pumped is a 18–20 % solution of hydrochloric acid at the temperature of 0 °C in the volume of 1.5 m3 per one sidetrack, then – a 18–20 % solution of hydrochloric acid at the temperature of 30 °C in the volume of 2.0 m3 per one sidetrack, after which a pulse flush of the pumped solutions of hydrochloric acids by oil into the formation is conducted in a cycle mode: 4 min pumping at the bed intake pressure, 10 min exposure for the reaction. With the third portion pumped is a 18–20 % solution of hydrochloric acid at the temperature of 0 °C in the volume of 2.5 m3 per one sidetrack, then – a 18–20 % solution of hydrochloric acid at the temperature of 30 °C in the volume of 3.0 m3 per one sidetrack, after which a pulse flush of the pumped solutions of hydrochloric acids by oil into the formation is conducted in a cycle mode: 5 min pumping at the bed intake pressure, 15 min exposure for the reaction, after which the reaction products are removed by swabbing along the casing string of the well. ! EFFECT: increasing reliability of the method implementation; improving the processing of the bottomhole formation zone while reducing the cost of implementation and simplifying the technology. ! 1 cl, 1 dwg Подробнее

FIELD: fishing and fish breeding. ! SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of fish farming, in particular to the anesthesiology of fish under the influence of stress factors arising during the transplant, sorting, medicinal treatments, transportation, the introduction of hormones to produce reproductive products from the manufacturers. Method of preparing an anesthetic solution for fish is that 190 mg of ground cloves are diluted in a liter of water at the temperature of 50–60 °C and infused for 12 hours, 400 mg of cinnamon is boiled in liter of water for 30 minutes and then infused for 12 hours, then the solutions are mixed together in a 1:1 ratio. ! EFFECT: invention provides for the reduced period of keeping the fish in the anesthetic solution, increased shelf life of the anesthetic solution. ! 1 cl, 2 tbl, 1 ex, 3 dwg Подробнее

FIELD: fodder production. ! SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fodder production, in particular to complete feed for cattle and method for its production. Complete feed for cattle contains 60–80 % by weight of components with a high content of crude fiber and 20–40 % by weight of components with a low content of crude fiber. As components with a high content of raw fiber use activated saccharified pulp mass, vitamin flour from wood greens and sunflower meal, and as components with a low content of raw fiber, use feed grain, molasses and mineral additives are used, all components being taken in a certain ratio. Method of obtaining complete feed is characterized by the fact that wood waste is crushed and simultaneously pneumatically sorted into sawdust and green wood, sawdust is impregnated with 10 % sodium hydroxide solution with a temperature of 50–60 °C, after which the sawdust and wood greens are heated in the presence of saturated steam with a temperature of 160–220 °C a pressure of 0.6–2.3 MPa and sawdust is defibrinated to activated saccharified lignocellulosic pulp, and wood greens is defibrinated to vitamin flour by means of steam-blasting treatment, followed by extraction of low-molecular-weight lignin and sugars in ethanol-water solution from lignocellulosic mass in a mass ratio of 80:20 %. Before being mixed with feed grain, sunflower meal and mineral additives, activated saccharified lignocellulosic pulp and vitamin flour from wood greens are dried in a fluidized bed at a temperature of 90–105 °C. Then all the components with high and low content of raw fiber are mixed and simultaneously crushed to a particle size of 3–7 mm, molasses, obtained after the steam blasting treatment, is added and granulated. ! EFFECT: use of the invention allows to obtain a product with preservation of the original composition of the protein component in the grain. ! 2 cl, 1 tbl, 1 dwg Подробнее

FIELD: chemistry. ! SUBSTANCE: proposed method of phlegmatizing high-density two-base spherical gunpowder comprising the preparation of 1.5-3.5% water phlegmatizing emulsion, the preparation of a gunpowder suspension in a reactor with a stirrer, the introduction of the produced phlegmatizing emulsion in the slurry of gunpowder and the treatment of the suspension gunpowder with the phlegmatizing emulsion. At the same time, water is poured into the reactor and heated to a temperature of 80-90°C. Then gunpowder is loaded, and the slurry is mixed for 4-6 mines, the phlegmatizing emulsion at the same temperature in equal quantities is injected by 3-8 techniques with stirring every portion for 10-15 min, and after adding the last portion it is mixed for 30-60 min. ! EFFECT: gunpowder retains its bulk density after phlegmatization. ! 4 tbl Подробнее

FIELD: electrical communication engineering. ! SUBSTANCE: invention relates to communication technology and is intended for processing OFDM signals under the influence of intra-system interference caused by asynchronous operation of transmitters. Invention discloses in particular a method for processing OFDM signals, according to which the quadrature components of the spectra of OFDM signals are first calculated along with the gates of their arrival time for three carrier frequencies (the main and neighboring high and low frequencies) with correction of the carrier frequency offset of the quadrature components of the OFDM signals, and then the quadrature components of the spectrum of the OFDM signal are corrected at the carrier frequency of the main signal using the optimal measurement algorithm on the basis of the obtained information about the quadrature components of the OFDM signal spectra and the time gates of their arrival for all three carrier frequencies. ! EFFECT: technical result is to increase the reliability of communication by reducing the influence of intra-system interference, which reduces the variance of the quadrature components of the OFDM spectrum of a signal transmitted at the carrier frequency of the main signal. ! 5 cl, 10 dwg Подробнее

1. Способ производства зерновых хлебцев включает использование зерновых злаков, подготовку зерна, введение добавок, термическую обработку, обработку сырья с формированием хлебцев, отличающийся тем, что проросшие зерна злаков используются на 1,0-3,0 мм зерна, подготовка зерна включает отшелушивание и промывание с последующим замачиванием их в питьевой воде при температуре 25-30°С на протяжении 8-12 ч для набухания, после набухания воду сливают, зерно промывают и размешивают в емкости для проращивания на 48-72 ч, проросшие зерна смешивают с добавками и подают в устройство для обработки сырья и формирования хлебцев, который обеспечивает постоянную температуру сырья не выше 50°С и выход пластины хлебца толщиной 3,0-7,0 мм, после выхода пластины хлебца в них делают насквозь мелкие отверстия, термическую обработку используют путем сушки готовых пластин хлебцев при температуре 120-145°С.2. Способ в п. 1, отличающийся тем, что используют добавку семян подсолнечника.3. Способ в п. 1, отличающийся тем, что используют добавку арахис и соль.4. Способ в п. 1, отличающийся тем, что используют добавку изюм и курагу.5. Способ в п. 1, отличающийся тем, что используют добавку аджику и соль.6. Способ в п. 1, отличающийся тем, что используют добавку лук, чеснок, петрушку, укроп и соль." Подробнее

FIELD: machine engineering. ! SUBSTANCE: in the method a parallelepiped-shaped workpiece is mounted directly in the sleeve chamber and fixed to its lateral surfaces. The blade wing is formed simultaneously by two electrode tools that move towards each other with automatic measurement of the gap between the electrode tool and the workpiece. The electrolyte is pumped in the interelectrode gap along the pressure surface and along the blade wing back during treatment. Metal removal is performed until the back and the pressure surface of the blade wing profile are obtained with the allowance for finishing. To obtain the input and output blade edges, a part of the workpiece is cut equidistantly along the edges with the allowance for finishing, providing access of electrolyte to the input and output edges for their subsequent finishing. Finishing is carried out with the same electrode tools to form the required back and pressure surface profile, the radii of the intersection between the wing and the flange, the input and output edges. ! EFFECT: invention enables to increase the processing accuracy and reduce working hours to produce blades at increasing productivity. ! 2 cl, 5 dwg Подробнее

FIELD: machine building. ! SUBSTANCE: method consists in grinding teeth profile drawing in two stages. At first stage profile of rough and transition teeth is ground to passage with reverse taper. At second stage profile of finishing and gaging teeth is polished with zero reverse taper. Grinding is made by radial sections at top of grinding wheel profile at matched drawing continuous rotation and vertical movement of grinding wheel, circular section centre coordinate of which is connected with turning angle of drawing by given system of equations. ! EFFECT: higher quality of treatment due to making of cutting teeth with shaped cutting arrangement. ! 1 cl, 1 tbl, 7 dwg Подробнее

FIELD: oil and gas industry. ! SUBSTANCE: at the wellhead a flush-joint pipe of coil tubing, which is used as a lower end of the pipe string, is equipped at first with a valve consisting of a saddle and case with openings covered hermetically by the saddle fixed by a shear pin in regard to the case and then with a liquid pulsator with a nozzle at the end. The pipe string is run in till the nozzle of the liquid pulsator rests at the bottomhole of a horizontal well, the pipe string is filled with acid solution and acid solution is injected in pulsed mode under pressure of 18 MPa at most with simultaneous movement of the pipe string from the bottomhole to the wellhead with the rate of 50 m per minute to the length of horizontal well screen. When the design distance is reached movement of the pipe string and injection of acid solution is stopped, the plug is placed to the pipe string at the wellhead, movement of the pipe string is renewed and the plug is flushed by process liquid. At that at the moment when the pulsator reaches the screen end interval close to the wellhead the plus is placed to the valve saddle and in result hydraulic pressure increases in the pipe string and the shear pin gets broken. Moreover the saddle moved downwards and openings in the valve case get open thus interconnecting inner space of the pipe string and tubular annulus of the horizontal well. The plug cuts off the liquid pulsator hermetically. Then the process is withhold during 1 hour, at that in process of this withhold the pipe string is run in until the liquid pulsator rests in the bottomhole of a horizontal well. Then, during three cycles in sequence, 0.5 m3 of process liquid is injected either to the pipe string or tubing-casing annulus in turn. When withhold time is over reaction products are washed out by return circulation in one and a halve volume of the well. ! EFFECT: improving treatment efficiency of a bore-hole zone. ! 3 dwg Подробнее

FIELD: oil and gas production. ! SUBSTANCE: invention is intended to be employed for treatment of bottom zones of oil-producing and injecting wells. Annular space of well above productive formation is separated by means of packer. Emulsion is forced while pressure and production are raised to maximum permissible values. Once maximum pressure value reached, consumption of pumped emulsion is lowered pumping is continued until pumping pressured is decreased. Well is closed and held closed over 20-30 h period, after which pressure is released, packer is removed, and well is swabbed until fluid with pH value the same as that of formation fluid enters the well. Well is then washed and brought in operation. Inverted oil-acid emulsion utilized is composed of distillate-type solvent for petroleum wax, 40-43 vol %, emulsifier "YALAN-E-1", 5-8 vol %, and 22-24% aqueous solution of inhibited hydrochloric acid, 5-55 vol %. ! EFFECT: increased formation penetration ability and treatment efficiency. Подробнее

FIELD: oil industry, particularly well bottom zone treatment in carbonate reservoir. ! SUBSTANCE: method involves lowering flow string sealed from bottom end and provided with filtering fitting and packer so that filtering packer is installed 2-4 m above productive formation bottom; circulating 10-15% hydrochloric acid solution in amount of 10-20 hole annuity volumes through the well; blocking flow string at well head; forcing 10-15% hydrochloric acid solution with high-gravity oil into productive formation through hole annuity, wherein high-gravity oil flow-rate is 24-35m3/day and pressure at flow string head is 0.8-1.2 MPa; opening flow string at well head; repeatedly circulating 10-15% hydrochloric acid solution in amount of 10-20 hole annuity volumes through the well along with displacing high-gravity oil in tank; repeatedly closing flow string at well head and forcing 10-15% hydrochloric acid solution with high-gravity oil into productive formation through hole annuity, wherein high-gravity oil flow-rate is 24-35m3/day and pressure at flow string head is 0.8-1.2 MPa; repeating above circulation and forcing operations; forcing all remaining acid solution with high-gravity oil during the final operation performing; installing packer above productive formation interval; performing technological time delay for 1-2 hours to provide acid reaction; performing swabbing through flow string with rate of 70-100 m3/day; lifting underground equipment for 24-48 hours; lowering screw pump and bringing the well into operation. ! EFFECT: increased efficiency of well bottom zone treatment. ! 1 ex Подробнее

FIELD: machine engineering, possibly forming through openings of any configuration in thin sheet electrically conducting materials. ! SUBSTANCE: method for electrochemical treatment of sheet blank in flow-through electrolyte by means of tool-electrode mounted with gap relative to blank when blank being anode and tool-electrode being cathode performing oscillations in direction to blank comprises steps of measuring minimum and maximum working pressure of electrolyte fed through tool-electrode before turning on working voltage applied between tool-electrode and blank on which dielectric stencil is applied; during electrochemical treatment tracing changes of electrolyte pressure in duct for feeding it relative to said minimum and maximum pressure values of electrolyte. When maximum pressure of electrolyte exceeds predetermined setting value working voltage is turned off while electrolyte feed is going on. Pressure is set according to its working value in inter-electrode gap due to cleaning gap. When electrolyte pressure achieves its working value electrochemical treatment process is going on after turning on voltage again. Treatment process is terminated when minimum pressure of electrolyte lowers till value preset for minimum pressure of electrolyte. Apparatus for performing the method includes tool-electrode mounted with gap relative to blank; vibration exciter, pressure pickup, working voltage source, dielectric stencil placed on blank, pressure signal converter, memory unit, setting values setter, comparator. First inlet of comparator is connected to setter of setting values, its second and third inlets are connected to first outlet of converter and outlet of memory unit whose inlet is connected to second outlet of converter connected to pressure pickup mounted in electrolyte feed duct of tool - electrode. Outlet of comparator is connected through unit for turning off working voltage with working voltage source. ! EFFECT: enhanced quality of electrochemical treatment due to interrupting process of anode dissolving at accumulating in inter-electrode gap products of electrochemical treatment and due to terminating process just after opening perforation. ! 2 cl, 1 dwg, 1 ex Подробнее

FIELD: machine engineering, possibly working of through openings of any contour in sheet materials. ! SUBSTANCE: one of tool-electrodes is connected to negative pole of electric current source and with use of template placed on blank at side of said tool-electrode electrochemical treatment is performed by depth consisting 0.75 - 0.8 of blank thickness. After disconnecting first tool electrode from current source second tool-electrode is connected to negative pole of DC source and electrochemical treatment is performed with use of other template placed on blank at side of second tool-electrode in order to form predetermined size opening. At electrochemical treatment templates are arranged coaxially according to position of worked opening. Template used for treating with use of first tool-electrode has working contour equivalent to that of worked opening and reduced by value of lateral widening of opening. Other template has working contour corresponding to predetermined profile of worked opening. Thickness value of first template is twice less than that of second template. ! EFFECT: enhanced accuracy of geometry of worked openings. ! 3 cl, 3 dwg, 1 ex Подробнее

FIELD: petroleum extracting industry. SUBSTANCE: method includes selection of well for treatment, filling the well with a compound for dissolving asphalt, resin or paraffin deposits. Compound is a soluted mixture of heavy pirolysis resin and deproxyamine-157 with a carbonic dissolvent. Method further includes supplying of said compound to bottom hole area under pressure, technological detention and beginning of well operation. Wells are selected with lower layer pressure than the pressure of petroleum gas saturation, supplying speed is selected about 3-4 liters per second, compound solution is used with 0.5-0.9% of water, with deproxyamine-157 amount to heavy pirolysis resin amount relationship of about (0.1-15.0):1. Compound supplying is performed under pressure from technical water. Either before supplying the compound or after technological detention acid solution is supplied into operation area, under pressure from technical water. EFFECT: increased well bottom hole treatment effectiveness due to increasing of extracting well output and restoring of acceleration of supplying well. 4 cl, 3 tbl, 2 ex Подробнее